\u3010\u4f20\u4e3b\u7b80\u4ecb\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u2027<\/strong>\u54c8\u767b\u2027<\/strong>\u53f8\u5e03\u771f<\/strong>\uff08Charles Haddon Spurgeon\uff0c1834\uff0d1892\uff09\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u4ee3\u656c\u8654\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u548c\u7956\u7236\u90fd\u662f\u7267\u5e08\u30023\u5c81\u65f6\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u9605\u8bfb\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u73ed\u626c\u6240\u8457\u300a\u5929\u8def\u5386\u7a0b\u300b\u7684\u63d2\u56fe\u7248\uff0c6\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u719f\u7ec3\u5730\u9605\u8bfb\u5723\u7ecf\u300219\u5c81\u65f6\u5c31\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb2\u9053\u9707\u52a8\u6574\u4e2a\u4f26\u6566\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u8bb2\u905338\u5e74\uff0c\u5e38\u662f\u4eba\u5c71\u4eba\u6d77\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u542c\u5230\u9a6c\u592b\u558a\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u8981\u53bb\u542c\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u8bb2\u9053\u5417\uff1f\u8bf7\u5750\u6211\u7684\u8f66\u5b50\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5f53\u65f6\u6b63\u9022\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6e10\u8d8b\u7f29\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u7684\u4f8d\u5949\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u6709\u4e0a\u5343\u4eba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0a\u5e1d\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u3002\u4ece1855\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb2\u7ae0\u88ab\u5370\u5237\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5370\u5237\u7a3f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5e7f\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f20\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u8fd8\u6bcf\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u4e00\u671f\u4ed6\u529e\u7684\u6742\u5fd7\u300a\u5251\u4e0e\u9558\u300b\uff08Sword & Trowel<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5199\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e66\u53ca\u4e66\u4fe1\u3002\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u7684\u670d\u4f8d\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\u5f97\u60ca\u4eba\uff1a\u4ed6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7267\u5e08\u5b66\u9662\u57f9\u517b\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u4f20\u9053\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u6d41\u52a8\u552e\u4e66\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e3a\u8001\u5e74\u5987\u5973\u5f00\u529e\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u9662\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u5f00\u529e\u7684\u5b64\u513f\u9662\u7b49\u5171\u8fd170\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u7ee9\u7684\u53d6\u5f97\uff0c\u662f\u501f\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u5e38\u75b2\u60eb\u4e0d\u582a\u53c8\u75be\u75c5\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5ea7\u53f3\u94ed\u662f\u201c\u865a\u5f31\uff0c\u4f46\u575a\u6301\u4e0d\u61c8\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u4f8d\u5949\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u9664\u4e86\u4ed6\u6781\u5177\u6f14\u8bb2\u8005\u7684\u5929\u8d4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u706b\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u548c\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7acb\u573a\u6765\u81ea\u6e05\u6559\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u8fd9\u6837\u5ba3\u544a\uff1a\u201c\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u6240\u4f20\u8bb2\u7684\uff0c\u5965\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u4f20\u8bb2\u8fc7\uff0c\u4fdd\u7f57\u4f20\u8bb2\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u5fc5\u987b\u4f20\u8bb2\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u6211\u5c31\u662f\u6127\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u826f\u5fc3\uff0c\u6127\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u2018\u53bb\u6389\u68f1\u89d2\u2019\u3002\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u8bfa\u514b\u65af\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u7684\u798f\u97f3\uff1b\u90a3\u54cd\u5f7b\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u5927\u5730\u7684\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u4e5f\u5fc5\u8981\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u54cd\u5f7b\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u4e0a\u7a7a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4f46\u4f20\u8bb2\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u771f\u7406\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u770b\u5230\u65b0\u795e\u5b66\u3001\u9ad8\u7b49\u6279\u5224\u5b66\u5bf9\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u4ed6\u6bc5\u7136\u9000\u51fa\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u8054\u4f1a\uff0c\u906d\u81f4\u8bb8\u591a\u539f\u5148\u540c\u5de5\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u9677\u5165\u6cae\u4e27\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u540e\uff0c\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u5e26\u4e0a\u5929\u5802\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u80fd\u628a\u5929\u5802\u5e26\u5230\u4f60\u4eec\u5fc3\u91cc\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u8457\u6709\u300a\u9759\u591c\u4eae\u5149\u300b\u7b49\u4e66\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb2\u9053\u53ca\u7075\u4fee\u4f5c\u54c1\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\u800c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u54c8\u767b\u00b7\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\uff081834\uff0d1892\uff09\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5927\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5e03\u9053\u5bb6\uff0c19\u5c81\u65f6\u5c31\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb2\u9053\u9707\u52a8\u6574\u4e2a\u4f26\u6566\u3002\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u6df1\u53d7\u6e05\u6559\u795e\u5b66\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u85cf\u4e66\u4e0a\u4e07\u518c\u30023\u5c81\u65f6\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u9605\u8bfb\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u73ed\u626c\u6240\u8457\u300a\u5929\u8def\u5386\u7a0b\u300b\u7684\u63d2\u56fe\u7248\uff0c6\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u719f\u7ec3\u5730\u9605\u8bfb\u5723\u7ecf\u3002\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u4ee3\u656c\u8654\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u548c\u7956\u7236\u90fd\u662f\u7267\u5e08\u3002\u53f8\u5e03\u771f16\u5c81\u65f6\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u8bb2\u9053\uff0c17\u5c81\u65f6\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u804c\u7267\u5e08\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb2\u9053\u6781\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6b63\u9022\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6e10\u8d8b\u7f29\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u7684\u4f8d\u5949\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u6709\u4e0a\u5343\u4eba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0a\u5e1d\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u3002 \u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u8bb2\u9053\u670d\u4f8d\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8f9b\u52e4\u5730\u5199\u4f5c\u3002\u4ece1855\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb2\u7ae0\u88ab\u5370\u5237\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e741\u670815\u53f7\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u628a\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u768452\u7bc7\u8bb2\u9053\u7a3f\u96c6\u6210\u4e00\u518c\u91cd\u65b0\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u8d77\u540d\u300a\u65b0\u82b1\u56ed\u8857\u8bb2\u575b\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5370\u5237\u7a3f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5e7f\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f20\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u751a\u81f3\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u30021903\u5e74\u4e00\u4f4d\u82f1\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5ba3\u5e03\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u7684\u8bb2\u9053\u7a3f\u5728\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u51fa\u7248\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u5728200\u4e07\u5230300\u4e07\u518c\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u201d\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u8fd8\u6bcf\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u4e00\u671f\u4ed6\u529e\u7684\u6742\u5fd7\u300a\u5251\u4e0e\u94f2\u300b\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u8fd8\u5199\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e03\u5377\u672c\u7684\u8bd7\u7bc7\u6ce8\u91ca\u300a\u5927\u536b\u8bd7\u7bc7\u5b9d\u5e93\u300b\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u300a\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e0e\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u5230\u300a\u6bcf\u65e5\u6e05\u6668\u9ed8\u60f3\u300b\u548c\u300a\u6bcf\u65e5\u665a\u95f4\u9ed8\u60f3\u300b\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u7684\u670d\u4f8d\u8303\u56f4\u5f88\u5e7f\u3002\u4ed6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7267\u5e08\u5b66\u9662\u57f9\u517b\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u4f20\u9053\u4eba\uff1b\u4ed6\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u6d41\u52a8\u552e\u4e66\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u5230\u5168\u82f1\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u63a8\u5e7f\u5723\u7ecf\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb2\u9053\u7a3f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u7075\u4e66\u7c4d\u300250\u5c81\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\u672c\u4eba\u4eb2\u81ea\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u6027\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e8666\u4e2a\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8eab\u4f53\u529b\u884c\u5730\u5173\u6ce8\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u6240\u4e3a\u8001\u5e74\u5987\u5973\u5f00\u529e\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u9662\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u5f00\u529e\u7684\u5b64\u513f\u9662\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5728\u4eab\u53d7\u7740\u4ed6\u5e26\u7ed9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3010\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u963f\u8bfa\u5fb7\u2027<\/strong>\u8fbe\u91cc\u8302<\/strong>\uff08Arnold A. Dallimore\uff0c1911-1998\uff09\uff0c\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u7267\u5e0838\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u8457\u6709\u300a\u6b27\u6587\u4f20\u300b\u3001\u300a\u536b\u65af\u7406\u4f20\u300b\u548c\u300a\u6000\u7279\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\u4f20\u300b\u7b49\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3010\u4f20\u4e3b\u7b80\u4ecb\u3011 \u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u2027\u54c8\u767b\u2027\u53f8\u5e03\u771f\uff08Charles Haddon 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